One question I have in mind for quite some time:
Ion exchange in glasses leads to higher strength, because literally speaking “bigger” ions are incorporated into the glass network and build up compressive stresses.
Has there ever been the idea of incorporating ions to induce a different coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) which then, when cooling the glass, will lead to compressive stresses, because of different CTE between inner and outer of the glass?
Wednesday, December 2, 2009
Tuesday, September 8, 2009
Tuesday, August 25, 2009
Strength of Inorganic Glasses
The intrinsic inert strength of oxide glasses is among the highest of any known materials:
silica ~ 14 GPa
'window glass' - soda lime silica ~ 10 GPa.
The above is not commonly known or appreciated.
What is commonly known is that the 'practical', or commonly encountered strength of both of these glasses is ~ 50-70 MPa.
What is commonly known is that the 'practical', or commonly encountered strength of both of these glasses is ~ 50-70 MPa.
On the other hand, the now well-known lightguide fibers being installed in local telephone networks, does have and extremely high strength: ~5.5 GPa over MOST of its length.
It is clear that the reason for this enormous 'discrepancy' is that at some point, the glass surface has been 'mechanically damaged'.
Our task is then 3-fold:
1. Understand the fundamental parameters (composition, etc.) that control the inert intrinsic strength.
2. Understand the factors that influence the susceptibility or resistance to mechanical damge (composition, etc.).
3. Understand/develop techniques to 'protect' the glass surface from this mechanical damage (coatings, chemical and thermal tempering, cladding, lamination).
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